Tamil derivates :mar_am bewilderment; mar_i (-v-, -nt-) to be turned upside down, return, recede, turn back, retreat, fall down; bend, rise up as a wave, be twisted, go about often, walk to and fro; (-pp-, -tt-) to turn about, return, turn upside down, upset, repeat, double; mar_i-taral returning, coming back; mar_ivi return; mar_ukkam whirling, unsteadiness, distress, affliction, sorrow, perplexity, relapse of disease; mar_uku (mar_uki-) to whirl, go about often, wander, be bewildered, confused, be unsteady, unsettled, be distressed; mar_ukali (-pp-, -tt-), mar_ukkaḷi (-pp-, -tt-), makkaḷi (-pp-, -tt-) to return, relapse (as a disease)
Malayalam :mar_i
Malayalam meaning :a turn, fresh start, corner, a shift, turning round or inside, deceit
Malayalam derivates :mar_iyuka to turn back, turn over, be upset, turn over and over, tumble heels over head, roll; mar_iccal turning over, returning, tumbling, heels over head, rolling, turning topsy-turvy, deceit; mar_ivu change, rolling, tumbling, confusion, deceit; mar_ikka to turn upside down, turn back; mar_ippu an upset; mar_ukuka to flounder, welter
Kannada :maral, maraḷ, malar
Kannada meaning :the face to be turned or averted, turn back or backward, turn, retreat, return, happen or occur again, do again
Kannada derivates :maralcu, maraḷisu, maraḷcu to turn or avert the face, turn, cause to retreat, return
Kodagu :mari- (mariv-, mariñj-)
Kodagu meaning :to roll (intr., in lying position), overflow, go up (steps of house, as bride does)
Kodagu derivates :(marip-, maric-) to roll (tr., in lying position)
Tulu :maraŋkaṇè, marakaṇè
Tulu meaning :on the back, topsy-turvy (or with 4740)
Tulu derivates :marapuni to fell, pull down a wall; maraḷikke hinge
Notes :All Kannada forms are supposedly dialectal (no preservation of -r_-); they might also be recent borrowings from Telugu.
Number in DED :4761
Proto-South Dravidian :*măr_-
Meaning :bravery; war
Tamil :mar_am
Tamil meaning :valour, bravery, anger, wrath, enmity, hatred, strength, power, victory, war, killing, murder, Yama
Tamil derivates :mar_al hate, enmity, disagreement, fight, war, death; mar_ali Yama; mar_alu (mar_ali-) to oppose, give fight, kill; mar_avai anything cruel by nature; mar_avōn_ warrior, boy between the ages of 10 and 14; mar_avan_ inhabitant of desert tract, of hilly tract, one belonging to the caste of hunters, person of Mar_ava caste, warrior, hero, commander, military chief, cruel, wicked person; mar_atti woman of Mar_ava caste, woman of desert tracts, woman of hilly tracts
Malayalam :mar_am
Malayalam meaning :disagreement, war
Malayalam derivates :mar_al death, Yama; mar_avar Maravas, the Tamil tribe of warriors
Tulu :marava
Tulu meaning :the caste of Maravas
Number in DED :4763
Proto-South Dravidian :*măr_-
Meaning :freckle
Tamil :mar_u
Tamil meaning :stigma, blemish, fault, stain, blot, spot (esp. on the moon), sign, symbol, mole, freckle
Tamil derivates :mar_ai freckle, mole, spot; marai flaw in precious stone
Notes :The PN form is somewhat dubious, as no other SDR language shows any traces of a -t-suffix; however, it is still more acceptable to compare it to PDR *mar_- than to PDR *mac- 'blemish; speckle, spot', which is an alternative put forward by B&E.
Number in DED :4767
Proto-South Dravidian :*mar_-
Meaning :to grind, pound
Tamil :mar_uku (mar_uki-)
Tamil meaning :to be ground into a paste as sandalwood
Tamil meaning :to forget, neglect, disregard, put an end to, give up
Tamil derivates :mar_ati, mar_appu, mar_al, mar_ali, mar_avi forgetfulness; mar_ai (-v-, -nt-) to be hidden, shrouded, disappear, recede (as from sight); (-pp-, -tt-) to hide, conceal, cover, shelter, protect; n. concealment, secret, disguise, refuge, fraud; mar_aippu concealment, screen; mar_aivu vanishing, disappearance, hiding place, screen
Malayalam :mar_a
Malayalam meaning :a screen, shelter, covering, secret
Malayalam derivates :mar_ayuka to disappear, hide oneself; mar_avu shelter, cover, concealment; mar_ekka to hide, conceal, screen, bury; mar_eppu, mar_appu coverlet, shelter, protection; mar_akka to forget, be forgotten, vanish from the mind; mar_ati, mar_avi forgetfulness; mar_appikka to cause to forget
Kannada :mar_e
Kannada meaning :to become unmindful of, forget, be forgotten, vanish from the mind; n. (also mar_a) disappearance, state of being hid, secrecy, concealment, cover, screen, refuge; mar_ukuḷi a forgetful man; mar_agu, mar_apu, mar_avu, mar_ahu hiding, secrecy, forgetting, forgetfulness; mar_apu to hide, conceal, cause to forget; mar_ave state of becoming unmindful of, oblivion, forgetfulness, unconsciousness; mar_asu, mar_ayisu, mar_isu to veil, hide, conceal, keep oneself out of view, cause to forget; mar_asuha concealing; mar_eyuvike becoming unmindful of, etc.; mor_e shelter, refuge
Kodagu :mara- (marap-, marand-)
Kodagu meaning :to forget
Kodagu derivates :mare place out of sight, concealment; marandɨ forgetfulness
Tulu :madapuni, marapuni, marepuni
Tulu meaning :to forget
Tulu derivates :madapu, marapu forgetfulness; madapele a forgetful man; madepuni to screen, shelter, hide; madeyuni to be out of sight, shut; madè screen, retired place; madepu shade, shelter, retirement; marè shelter, retreat
Tamil derivates :mar_u-nāḷ next day, tomorrow; mar_umai the next birth, the next world; mar_r_u other, again; mar_r_ai, mar_r_a other; mar_r_atu the other; mar_r_avan_ the other one
Malayalam :mar_u
Malayalam meaning :other, next; secunlines
Malayalam derivates :mar_u-nāḷ the next day; mar_r_avan, fem. mar_r_avaḷ the other
Kannada :mar_u
Kannada meaning :other, next, following, second; again; opposite
Kannada derivates :matta, mattaṃ again, further, besides, moreover; mattina of another, other, different; mattu other, again, further, besides, and; matte other, else, again, further; mār_aṇa after, following, the next morning or day; mār_aṇe other, following, next
Kodagu :marɨ
Kodagu meaning :counter (marɨ kūtɨ echo, marɨ vākɨ counter-curse)
Kannada meaning :to burn, be very hot, be inflamed with passion, love, suffer great pain, be distressed, grieve
Kannada derivates :mar_uka sorrow, grief; mar_a with grief; maraḷu to bubble up, boil fiercely
Number in DED :4769
Proto-South Dravidian :*mar_-uk-
Meaning :street
Tamil :mar_uku
Tamil meaning :street, narrow street, lane
Malayalam :mar_uku
Malayalam meaning :street
Number in DED :4770
Proto-South Dravidian :*mar_-V-
Meaning :to refuse, object
Tamil :mar_u (-pp-, -tt-)
Tamil meaning :to refuse, deny, disown, object, check, contradict, confute, refute, put away, reject
Tamil derivates :mar_uppu refusal, denial, objection, opposition, refutation; mar_utali (-pp-, -tt-) to deny, disavow, contradict; mar_utalippu denial, refusal; mar_utalai opposite side, opponent's point of view, sense of contrariety, enemy, antagonist; (-pp-, -tt-) to appear on the opposite side, deny, disavow; mar_i (-v-, -nt-) to be checked, arrested; (-pp-, -tt-) to stop, detain, arrest, check; mar_i-paṭu to be stopped as the water of a river, be hindered as a business; mar_iyal stopping, detaining, checking, confining, gaol; mar_ai negative (in grammar); abstinence, relinquishment
Malayalam :mar_ikka
Malayalam meaning :to attack, arrest
Malayalam derivates :mar_ippu an arrest; mar_ukka to resist, rebel; mar_ukkal, mar_uppu opposition, refusal
Kannada :mar_uvasala, mar_umasal
Kannada meaning :antagonist, enemy
Number in DED :4765
Proto-South Dravidian :*mas-
Meaning :dusk, dim
Tamil :macaŋku (macaŋki-)
Tamil meaning :to become dull, lose lustre
Tamil derivates :macaŋkal twilight of evening; maiy-ā to become dim; maimal evening
Kannada derivates :masaka, masage a dusky colour; masaku id., dimness; masakane dimness; dim; masuḷ lustre to go away or disappear, light to grow faint, grow dim, become pale, disappear, hide oneself; caus. masuḷisu
Tulu :majakuni, maskuni
Tulu meaning :to fade, become dim
Tulu derivates :mayakuni to vanish, disappear; masaluni to change colour, become muddy or foul
Notes :Certain forms on here are contaminated with *maj- 'confusion, perplexion' (Tam. macaŋku, etc.) and *māj- 'to hide, disappear' (Tulu mayakuni; the latter can actually be considered as completely misplaced by B&E).
Tamil meaning :collyrium for the eye, ink, ink-paste, black pigment, black, blackness, darkness, spot as of moon, blemish, dark cloud; fault, sin; dirt
Tamil derivates :(-pp-, -tt-) to become black, be dim; maippu black, blackness
Malayalam :mai
Malayalam meaning :blackness, antimony
Kannada :masi
Kannada meaning :dirt, impurity, the black of culinary vessels, soot, lamp-black, black colour, blackness, ink, antimony
Kodagu :masi
Kodagu meaning :charcoal
Tulu :maji
Tulu meaning :coal, black powder, ink
Tulu derivates :maiyi a kind of collyrium; maivaripuni to paint the eyes with antimony or collyrium; maipè, maippè a black or dark-coloured fowl
The root forms part of a large 'word-family' with the structure MVT- (where T = a dental/retroflex consonant/cluster), so it's hard to reconstruct the exact form. Most probable is the variant according to which the regular accented variant is *maḍḍ-, the regular unaccented variant is *maḍ-. The nasal forms (in Tamil) can be explained as results of contamination with *moṇḍ- 'lame, blunt, stupid'. Kannada maṭa, however, is irregular in any case.
Number in DED :4647
Proto-South Dravidian :*matar- (?)
Meaning :a measure of land
Kannada :mattar, (Narasimhia) mattalu
Kannada meaning :a measure of land
Number in DED :4771
Proto-South Dravidian :*mat-i
Meaning :a k. of fish
Tamil :matti
Tamil meaning :a kind of fish
Malayalam :matti
Malayalam meaning :a small fish, Sardinia, used as manure
Tamil meaning :to be furious as by must or fanaticism, be luxuriant or fruitful, grow fat, be wanton or lascivious, be intoxicated, be arrogant, be bewildered; n. (also matavu) strength, beauty, excess, abundance, ignorance
Tamil derivates :matakkam stupor caused by over-eating or drinking, weariness; matappu being intoxicated, exhilaration, wantonness or voluptuousness, being ferocious as beasts, being fertile as land, being luxurious as trees or vegetation; matam exhilaration, exultation, joy, ichor of elephants, strength, pride, arrogance, presumption, honey, madness, frenzy, wantonness, lasciviousness, venereal heats, richness of land, fertility, inebriety, intoxication, musk, abundance, greatness; matan_ arrogance, strength, enthusiasm, elation, beauty, greatness, glory, abundance, excess, ignorance, bewilderment; matar (-pp-, -tt-) to flourish, be fertile, rich or luxuriant, be too luxuriant to be productive (as soil, plants, etc.), be affected with frenzy as a bull or elephant, be self-conceited, arrogant, rejoice, be full of joy, increase, abound; n. pride, arrogance, self-conceit, wantonness, joy, abundance, rush, gust, impulse, bravery; matarppu, matarvu flourishing, being rich, plump or luxuriant, joy, delight, intense desire, beauty, strength, abundance, fullness; matarvai flourishing, being rich, plump or luxuriant, pride, haughtiness, exhilaration, bewilderment; matalai desire, attachment; matār arrogance; matāḷi (-pp-, -tt-) to thrive, flourish, be luxuriant, rich, be too luxuriant to be productive as plants, soil, etc.; mati (-pp-, -tt-) to be haughty, be furious; matippu growing fat (as a person), growing leafy (as a plant); mataiiya wanton, lascivious, beautiful, handsome, innocent, strong; matukai strength
Malayalam :madam
Malayalam meaning :delight, intoxication, elated spirits, passion, juice that flows from a rutting elephant's temples
Malayalam derivates :madāḷikka to grow rank; madikka to be elated, intoxicated, be in rut
Kannada :masaka
Kannada meaning :vehement emotion, great agitation, passion, wrath, rage
Kannada derivates :masagu, mosagu to expand, become expanded, developed, break forth or out, appear, rise; activity to be displayed, be agitated or commoved; be urged on by the passions, grow furious, be enraged, rage; display, exhibit, manifest; mase acute lust
Kodagu :madi- (madip-, madic-)
Kodagu meaning :(animal) is lustful of the female, (elephant) is in must
Tamil meaning :measure, evenness, flatness, rule, line, gauging rod, limit, extent, bound, degree, guess, conjecture; equality in height, size, measure; moderation; whole quantity leaving no overplus
Tamil derivates :maṭṭāy moderately, temperately; maṭṭu measure, quantity, standard, degree, size, proportion, amount, limit, extent, scope, range, estimate, conjecture, moderateness, that which is middling, commonplace, a standard of measurement; maṭaŋku measure, quantity, degree
Malayalam :maṭṭa
Malayalam meaning :a certain measure of length
Malayalam derivates :maṭṭam the rule, level of a bricklayer, carpenter's square; maṭṭu measure, limit
Kannada :maṭṭa, maṭa, maṭṭasa
Kannada meaning :measure, extent, height, bound, limit, proper limit, levelness, evenness, equality, regularity, exactness, carpenter's level or square
Kannada derivates :maṭṭu measure, extent, height, limit; maṭṭa exactness, etc.
Tulu :maṭṭa
Tulu meaning :carpenter's or bricklayer's square, level, height, measure
